黄淮海地区乡村功能类型及其地域模式*

黄准海地区农业发展历史悠久,由于地方性自然和经济条件的差别,乡村经济在产业功能上存在明显的地域差异。本文以该区辖属的364个县(市)为地域单元,研究其乡村功能类型,并对不同功能类型的空间分布、功能特征及其经济发展的地域模式作了探讨。     

南北地震带北段上地幔速度结构成象(Ⅲ)-应用和结果

根据地震波走时资料反演得出南北地震带北段地壳和上地幔速度结构,发现在该区上地壳存在三个近东西向的低速条带,其空间展布与该区内现今活动构速基本一致;上地幔速度分布显示在该区似有平行的北东和北西向低速条带相互穿插,总体呈现网状;海原—古浪断裂带在上下地壳及上地幔的速度结构中均表现出相应的低速带,表明它是切穿地壳的深大断裂。通过反演还发现青藏块体的东北部边界大致在天祝—兰州—静宁—千阳—略阳—江油一带。     

万洋山—诸广山花岗岩带铀成矿的区域地质背景

万洋山—诸广山复式花岗岩带,经历多期次的构造-岩浆活动,受到东西向和南北向的深部构造控制。岩带内北东、北北东、东西、南北及北西向五组线型断裂构造及规模不一的中心型环状构造发育。铀成矿的时空分布,受中生代南北向和东西向构造-岩浆活动带交汇区的宏观制约。矿床定位与中心型小环状构造交切及不同方向的线型断裂交叉密切有关。矿源既来自铀源层和花岗岩,也来自上地幔岩浆源。区域内地质-成矿事件复杂,经过了槽、台、洼三大演化阶段。地洼阶段构造-岩浆活动次数最多,最强烈。铀成矿作用形成于地洼阶段中晚期,即白垩-第三纪。铀成矿以内生热液(热水)为主,叠加有后生淋积矿化。     

氯溴碘连续电位滴定研究

本文对Cl~-,Br~-,I离子的连续电位滴定进行了详细研究,着重解决了Cl~-,Br~-离子高摩尔比连测的难题。采用Gran作图法并严格控制操作条件,Cl~-,Br~-,I~-摩尔比从1:1:1至100:1:1均能准确测定。方法操作简单、快速、准确。     

1987年El Nino后期（9—11月）西太平洋大气静力能的收支

本文利用中科院1987年西太平洋考察资料和中央气象局出版的太平洋、大西洋资料反演出了一套利用温度和高度求算湿度的方法。通过该方法并利用美国国家气象中心的KWBC(5°N×5°S网格点资料)的温度和高度资料,计算了1987年厄尔尼诺期间9—11月西太平洋海域(0—30°N,120—170°E)大气静力能量的变化及其与周围的交换。结果表明,在这个时期,该区域上空大气是强的能源区,区域向周围输出能量。     

Analytical comparison of geomagnetic total field between Sino-US stations

Using observational data of geomagnetic total intensity from 13 stations in the Beijing-Tianjin region, 3 stations in the western Yunnan region of China, and 6 stations in California of U. S. A., the daily variations and their spectra of geomagnetic total intensity were analyzed and compared. The results show that the morphology, the range and spectrum of daily variations in geomagnetic total intensity are basically the same within the local extent of 100–200 km and are different in the large extent of 500 km. The latitude factor of the daily variation range of geomagnetic total intensity is about 1–2 nT/degree within the latitude extent of 25°–40°. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 83–89, 1992. This work is supported by the State Seismological Bureau and the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation, and U.S. Geological Survey.     

快速射线追踪及其在地震层析中的应用

在地震层析研究中,常常涉及地震波在非均匀介质中的传播路径问题,故快速射线追踪是不可缺少的工具。本文讨论了一种以三点法为基础的逐步逼近的射线追踪方法,其优点是计算速度快、精度高,适合地震层析研究的计算要求。     

A model for solar radio pulsations at short centimetric band

In this paper, the observed solar radio pulsations during the bursts at 9.375 GHz are considered to be excited by some plasma instability. Under the condition of the conservation of energy in the wave-particle interaction, the saturation time of plasma instabilities is inversely proportional to the initial radiation intensity, which may explain why the repetition rate of the pulsations is directly proportional to the radio burst flux at 9.375 GHz as well as 15 GHz and 22 GHz. It is also predicted that the energy released in an individual pulse increases with increasing the flux of radio bursts, the modularity of the pulsations decreases with increasing the flux of radio bursts, these predictions are consistent with the statistical results at 9.375 GHz in different events. The energy density of the non-thermal particles in these events is estimated from the properties of pulsation. For the typical values of the ambient plasma density (10⁹ cm^–3) and the ratio between the nonthermal and ambient electrons (10^–4), the order of magnitude of the energy density and the average energy of the nonthermal electrons is 10^–4 erg/cm³ and 10 kev, respectively. It is interesting that there are two branches in a statistical relation between the repetition rate and the radio burst flux in a special event on March 11–17, 1989, which just corresponds to two different orders of magnitude for the quasi-quantized energy released in these five bursts. This result may be explained by the different ratios between the thermal and the nonthermal radiations.